Marine Berth
The Pier 400, Berth 408 Project’s marine berth will be designed to accommodate crude oil tankers up to, and including, Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCCs). Key design features include:

• Marine berth structures, designed for oil tankers up to 325,000 dead weight tons (DWT), 1,100 feet long, 200 feet wide and up to 74 feet deep in the water when loaded.
• Mooring load monitoring equipment, designed to sense the strain on the lines securing the ship and warn the terminal operators in advance of any impending problems.
• Quick release hooks, allowing for the safe and timely release of the vessels mooring lines as the ship disembarks.
• Spill protection equipment, including oil spill booms (deployed during tanker offloading operations), utility boats for boom deployment, and easily accessible supplies of emergency oil spill equipment (absorbents, protective clothing, etc.).
• Fire protection systems, designed to supply water and foam to critical equipment on the dock structure and unloading systems.

Vessel Offloading Systems
The vessel offloading system will be designed to discharge tanker cargo’s quickly and efficiently, minimizing both vessel emissions and vessel time at berth. The key design features include:

• Large diameter pipelines and transfer systems, allowing tankers to achieve offload at rates up to 100,000 barrels per hour (BPH).
• Electric-powered shore-side pumps, designed to reduce tanker energy requirements to offload cargos. This will result in reduced fuel usage and emissions from the tankers.
• Alternative Marine Power (AMP)(cold ironing), allowing properly equipped tankers to use on-shore power and minimize emissions.

Terminal Facilities
The Terminal Facilities on Pier 400, Berth 408 and Terminal Island will be designed to safely and efficiently receive crude oil from Berth 408. The key design features include:

• 4.0 million barrels of crude oil tankage, sufficient to receive the entire cargo of a large tanker without delays due to lack of receiving capacity.
• Internal Floating Roof (IFR) tanks, utilized for all crude oil storage, designed to reduce emissions through use of primary and secondary roof seals, seals for all IFR penetrations, and installation of a vapor recovery system to collect and destroyed vapors generated during drain dry operations.
• Secondary containment systems designed to contain the volume of the largest tank, including provisions for rain and fire water. Systems include high-density polyethylene (HDPE) liners under all tanks and primary and intermediate containment dikes surrounding all tank areas.
• Fire protection systems, designed to supply water and foam to critical equipment on each site..
• Control and monitoring systems, designed to graphically display the current status of all equipment to the facility operators, alert the operators to potential problems and take corrective actions should abnormal situations arise.

Distribution Systems
The Distribution Systems will supply crude oil to customers from the terminal sites. Key features include:

• High capacity distribution pumps, designed to supply crude oil to customers quickly and efficiently.
• Cathodic protection (CP) and pipeline coating systems, designed to protect all below grade steel piping against corrosion.
• Integrity assessment systems, designed to allow utilization of all available internal inspection tools (also known as Smart Pigs).
• Leak detection systems, utilizing Computational Pipeline Monitoring (CPM) will be installed for all major pipelines systems. The system will automatically alert the operator when a potential leak is identified, so that appropriate actions can be taken to minimize the spill volume and duration.